An analysis of the EU data protection legislation and the AI Act proposal to assess, in light of the principle of proportionality, whether or not law enforcement authorities should be prohibited from using these technologies in "real time".

European smart city technology development suffers from one-sided inputs and high compliance costs. Due to this developers may look into markets with lower standards for human rights compliance.

Substantively smart cities – Participation, fundamental rights and temporality

Philipp Hacker, European University Viadrina Frankfurt
Jürgen Neyer, European University Viadrina Frankfurt
PUBLISHED ON: 31 Mar 2023 DOI: 10.14763/2023.1.1696

Smart cities need citizen participation, robust data protection, non-discrimination and AI governance to effectively address the challenges of ever-changing technologies, function creep and political apathy.

The grey-zones of public-private surveillance: Policy tendencies of facial recognition for public security in Brazilian cities

André Ramiro, Alexander von Humboldt Institute for Internet and Society
Luã Cruz, State University of Campinas (Unicamp)
PUBLISHED ON: 31 Mar 2023 DOI: 10.14763/2023.1.1705

The article explores the regulatory “grey zones” in the deployment of facial recognition (FRT) in policing in Brazil, and the policy and civic responses to them.

Reproducing the GDPR provided the LGPD with principles that compel firms to innovate in the Brazilian privacy-enhancing technologies market. To rebalance opportunities for Brazilian firms, this paper advocates implementing local content policy for privacy-enhancing technologies.

Governing artificial intelligence in the media and communications sector

Jo Pierson, Hasselt University
Aphra Kerr, Maynooth University
Stephen Cory Robinson, Linköping University
Rosanna Fanni, Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS)
Valerie Eveline Steinkogler, Vrije Universiteit Brussel
Stefania Milan, University of Amsterdam
Giulia Zampedri, Vrije Universiteit Brussel
PUBLISHED ON: 21 Feb 2023 DOI: 10.14763/2023.1.1683

The article identifies critical blindspots in current European AI policies and explores the impact of AI technologies in the media and communications sector, based on a novel multi-level analytical framework.