The term independently-hosted web publishing refers to websites that have been made available online through infrastructure primarily controlled by the website’s owners, enabling decentralisation.

Cypherpunk refers to social movements, individuals, institutions, technologies, and political actions that, with a decentralised approach, defend, support, offer, code, or rely on strong encryption systems in order to re-shape social, political, or economic asymmetries. ​

A “non-user,” as the name suggests, refers to an individual who does not use a given product or system. Critical work on non-use elaborates a range of applications for the term we consider here. The variations of non-use under discussion encompass both voluntary and involuntary cases of non-use.

Digitally-disadvantaged languages face multiple inequities in the digital sphere, with their speaker communities frequently experiencing the duality of digital neglect and surveillance. These languages suffer from gaps in digital support, and when support does exist, it often makes speaker communities vulnerable to surveillance and gaps in content moderation.

Blockchain-based NFTs (non-fungible tokens) are uniquely identifiable digital representations of physical or digital items.

“Permissionlessness” is a term often used in association with public blockchains. This glossary entry explores the origins, evolution, and coexisting uses and meanings of the term “permissionless” to contextualise it.

PIMS typically employ technical, legal and organisational measures for enabling users to manage and control their data.

Web monetisation is the conversion of user traffic into revenue. This glossary entry provides an overview of the concepts of web and content monetisation, discusses aspects arising out of their interaction, and addresses three main issues currently associated with the term: the interoperability of social media infrastructures, the interoperability of content and web monetisation, and the moderation of content monetised decentrally.