This introduction explores how the evolution of the metaverse as an additional virtual public sphere challenges existing governance frameworks, and demonstrates the need for a comprehensive multi-disciplinary approach to adapting and re-imagining these frameworks.
This work discusses the emerging concept of the metaverse from a lens of interoperability. By drawing on literature from the political economy of digital platforms, varieties of capitalism, and cybergovernance it proposes a framework based on openness and closure as well as security and economic interests to illustrate four models based on examples from the infrastructure layer comprising metaverse technologies.