The regulation of online political micro-targeting in Europe

Tom Dobber, University of Amsterdam
Ronan Ó Fathaigh, University of Amsterdam
Frederik J. Zuiderveen Borgesius, Radboud University
PUBLISHED ON: 31 Dec 2019 DOI: 10.14763/2019.4.1440

This paper discusses how online political micro-targeting is regulated in Europe, from the perspective of data protection law, freedom of expression, and political advertising rules.

This article identifies factors that could explain the increasing pressure to regulate Québec’s political parties’ uses of digital voter information.

Disinformation optimised: gaming search engine algorithms to amplify junk news

Samantha Bradshaw, Oxford Internet Institute
PUBLISHED ON: 31 Dec 2019 DOI: 10.14763/2019.4.1442

This paper examines how Google Search ranked 29 junk news domains between 2016 and 2019, finding that SEO — rather than paid advertising — is the most important strategy for generating discoverability via Google Search. Google has taken several steps to combat the spread of disinformation on Search, and these strategies have been largely successful at limiting the discoverability of junk news.

Platform transience: changes in Facebook’s policies, procedures, and affordances in global electoral politics

Bridget Barrett, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Daniel Kreiss, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
PUBLISHED ON: 31 Dec 2019 DOI: 10.14763/2019.4.1446

This paper shows how platforms are transient in the policies, procedures, and affordances and details the implications for politics.

Defining concepts of the digital society Defining concepts of the digital society

Christian Katzenbach, Alexander von Humboldt Institute for Internet and Society
Thomas Christian Bächle, Alexander von Humboldt Institute for Internet and Society
PUBLISHED ON: 30 Nov 2019 DOI: 10.14763/2019.4.1430

The current quest to understand the digital society is populated by a plethora of ideas, ranging from catchwords to concepts. This special section establishes a forum to reflect if these are actually worthwhile, provide analytic value and describe something new.

KEYWORDS: Digital society

Filter bubble

Axel Bruns, Queensland University of Technology
PUBLISHED ON: 29 Nov 2019 DOI: 10.14763/2019.4.1426

Concepts such as ‘filter bubble’ enjoy considerable popularity in scholarly as well as mainstream debates, but are rarely defined with any rigour. This has led to highly contradictory research findings. This article provides a critical review of the ‘filter bubble’ idea, and concludes that its persistence has served only to distract scholarly attention from far more critical areas of enquiry.

Platformisation

Thomas Poell, University of Amsterdam
David Nieborg, University of Toronto
José van Dijck, Utrecht University
PUBLISHED ON: 29 Nov 2019 DOI: 10.14763/2019.4.1425

What is platformisation? This article contextualises, defines, and operationalises the concept. Drawing insights from different scholarly perspectives on platforms it develops a comprehensive approach to this process.