We develop an approach to observe the algorithmically-tuned nature of digital advertising by creating visualisations of ad sequences from a citizen scientist data-donation project.
We develop an approach to observe the algorithmically-tuned nature of digital advertising by creating visualisations of ad sequences from a citizen scientist data-donation project.
This article proposes the concept of platform observability to help systematically study complex algorithmic systems. It sets out three broad principles as guidelines for making platforms more accountable.