Zero rating has emerged as one of the most contentious communications policy debates of the last decade. The offer of ‘free’ access to select applications compromises network neutrality, at the same time as it can present advantages to users with limited economic resources. How can we attempt to reconcile these conflicting dimensions of zero
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Internet control
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Securitising Putin IV: the rationale behind Russia’s new “digital laws”
In recent years, a myriad of “defensive measures” were implemented by Russia to tighten state control over the internet. Recent laws passed by the State Duma are likely to bring Russia's internet under firm government control.
Does competiton law apply to search engines and social networks? The paper maintains that existing competition concepts are flexible enough to be adequately applied to these internet services.