Standards impact technology leadership, more so where they precede market launch. European values are therefore important for European technology in ICT markets.
Research articles on INFRASTRUCTURE & STANDARDS
How have app stores governed the global app response to the coronavirus pandemic? An exploratory systematic mapping of COVID-19 pandemic response apps.
This article belongs to Concepts of the digital society, a special section of Internet Policy Review guest-edited by Christian Katzenbach and Thomas Christian Bächle. 1. Introduction The concept of decentralisation traverses multiple contexts, fields and disciplines. We begin this multidisciplinary discussion on decentralisation with describing the technical definitions and motivations for decentralisation in network engineering. We then move on to discuss the broader motivations for such decentralised networks, which span social, political and economic aims. Our intention is not to compare cases of decentralisation across disciplines and contexts as much as to point out that a study of …
KEYWORDS:
Decentralisation
Trust can best be understood as a relational attribute between (1) a social actor and other actor(s) (interpersonal trust) and / or (2) actors and institutions (institutional or systemic trust) and (3) institutions and (trusting) actors (trust as shared expectations), where institutional frameworks define the nature and strength of trust relationships between different actors.
Blockchain-based technologies can be understood as a distributed network of computers, ideally organised in a decentralised way, mutually agreeing on a common state while tolerating failures (incl. malicious behaviour) to some extent.
KEYWORDS:
Blockchain
In the context of blockchain networks, mining describes a permissionless process intended to ensure the global consistency of a decentralised ledger. Mining requires the consumption of a costly computational resource to participate in a probabilistic competition that confers specific privileges to a node. These privileges typically relate to the proposal of a new block, including the identity and order of transactions contained within. Mining is incentivised via an algorithmically regulated provision of rewards, usually in the form of newly generated coins and/or transaction fees.
KEYWORDS:
Blockchain
A smart contract is code deployed in a blockchain environment, or the source code from which such code was compiled
KEYWORDS:
Blockchain
Reputation in a blockchain-based system is a digital representation of an entity’s standing or status in a specific domain.
Interdisciplinary glossary on peer-to-peer, user-centric and privacy-enhancing decentralised technologies
This article provides an overview of the Value Sensitive Design (VSD) methodology and explores how it can enrich the current debates on algorithmic bias and fairness in machine learning.