This paper examines how Google Search ranked 29 junk news domains between 2016 and 2019, finding that SEO — rather than paid advertising — is the most important strategy for generating discoverability via Google Search. Google has taken several steps to combat the spread of disinformation on Search, and these strategies have been largely
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Political micro-targeting
Is political micro-targeting hijacking European democracy?
A short Q&A with researchers Tom Dobber and Natali Helberger.